Kubernetes 部署sftp

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2020-12-28

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[TOC]

# Kubernetes 部署sftp

## Docker 部署说明
https://registry.hub.docker.com/r/atmoz/sftp
`docker run -p 22:22 -d atmoz/sftp foo:pass:::upload`

挂载存储卷Sharing a directory from your computer
```
docker run \
    -v <host-dir>/upload:/home/foo/upload \
    -p 2222:22 -d atmoz/sftp \
    foo:pass:1001
```

## Using Docker Compose:
```
sftp:
    image: atmoz/sftp
    volumes:
        - <host-dir>/upload:/home/foo/upload
    ports:
        - "2222:22"
    command: foo:pass:1001
```

## Store users in config
```
docker run \
    -v <host-dir>/users.conf:/etc/sftp/users.conf:ro \
    -v mySftpVolume:/home \
    -p 2222:22 -d atmoz/sftp
```

/users.conf
```
foo:123:1001:100
bar:abc:1002:100
baz:xyz:1003:100
```

## Encrypted password

Add `:e` behind password to mark it as encrypted. Use single quotes if using terminal.

```
docker run \
    -v <host-dir>/share:/home/foo/share \
    -p 2222:22 -d atmoz/sftp \
    'foo:$1$0G2g0GSt$ewU0t6GXG15.0hWoOX8X9.:e:1001'
```

Tip: you can use [atmoz/makepasswd](https://hub.docker.com/r/atmoz/makepasswd/) to generate encrypted passwords:
`echo -n "your-password" | docker run -i --rm atmoz/makepasswd --crypt-md5 --clearfrom=-`

## Logging in with SSH keys

Mount public keys in the user's `.ssh/keys/` directory. All keys are automatically appended to `.ssh/authorized_keys` (you can't mount this file directly, because OpenSSH requires limited file permissions). In this example, we do not provide any password, so the user `foo` can only login with his SSH key.

```
docker run \
    -v <host-dir>/id_rsa.pub:/home/foo/.ssh/keys/id_rsa.pub:ro \
    -v <host-dir>/id_other.pub:/home/foo/.ssh/keys/id_other.pub:ro \
    -v <host-dir>/share:/home/foo/share \
    -p 2222:22 -d atmoz/sftp \
    foo::1001
```

## Providing your own SSH host key (recommended)

This container will generate new SSH host keys at first run. To avoid that your users get a MITM warning when you recreate your container (and the host keys changes), you can mount your own host keys.

```
docker run \
    -v <host-dir>/ssh_host_ed25519_key:/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key \
    -v <host-dir>/ssh_host_rsa_key:/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key \
    -v <host-dir>/share:/home/foo/share \
    -p 2222:22 -d atmoz/sftp \
    foo::1001
```

Tip: you can generate your keys with these commands:

```
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f ssh_host_ed25519_key < /dev/null
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f ssh_host_rsa_key < /dev/null
```

## Execute custom scripts or applications

Put your programs in `/etc/sftp.d/` and it will automatically run when the container starts. See next section for an example.

## Bindmount dirs from another location

If you are using `--volumes-from` or just want to make a custom directory available in user's home directory, you can add a script to `/etc/sftp.d/` that bindmounts after container starts.

```
#!/bin/bash
# File mounted as: /etc/sftp.d/bindmount.sh
# Just an example (make your own)

function bindmount() {
    if [ -d "$1" ]; then
        mkdir -p "$2"
    fi
    mount --bind $3 "$1" "$2"
}

# Remember permissions, you may have to fix them:
# chown -R :users /data/common

bindmount /data/admin-tools /home/admin/tools
bindmount /data/common /home/dave/common
bindmount /data/common /home/peter/common
bindmount /data/docs /home/peter/docs --read-only
```

**NOTE:** Using `mount` requires that your container runs with the `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` capability turned on. [See this answer for more information](https://github.com/atmoz/sftp/issues/60#issuecomment-332909232).

# What's the difference between Debian and Alpine?

The biggest differences are in size and OpenSSH version. [Alpine](https://hub.docker.com/_/alpine/) is 10 times smaller than [Debian](https://hub.docker.com/_/debian/). OpenSSH version can also differ, as it's two different teams maintaining the packages. Debian is generally considered more stable and only bugfixes and security fixes are added after each Debian release (about 2 years). Alpine has a faster release cycle (about 6 months) and therefore newer versions of OpenSSH. As I'm writing this, Debian has version 7.4 while Alpine has version 7.5. Recommended reading: [Comparing Debian vs Alpine for container & Docker apps](https://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/alpine-vs-debian)

# What version of OpenSSH do I get?

It depends on which linux distro and version you choose (see available images at the top). You can see what version you get by checking the distro's packages online. I have provided direct links below for easy access.

- [List of `openssh` packages on Alpine releases](https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/packages?name=openssh&branch=&repo=main&arch=x86_64)
- [List of `openssh-server` packages on Debian releases](https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=openssh-server&searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all§ion=main)

**Note:** The time when this image was last built can delay the availability of an OpenSSH release. Since this is an automated build linked with [debian](https://hub.docker.com/_/debian/) and [alpine](https://hub.docker.com/_/alpine/) repos, the build will depend on how often they push changes (out of my control). Typically this can take 1-5 days, but it can also take longer. You can of course make this more predictable by cloning this repo and run your own build manually.

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